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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">phgenomics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фармакогенетика и фармакогеномика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2588-0527</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8849</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LLC "Izdatelstvo OKI"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/2588-0527-0007</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">YJAYFO</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">phgenomics-362</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фармакогенетика и математическое моделирование: подходы к индивидуальному прогнозу ответа на терапию ингибиторами АПФ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pharmacogenetics and mathematical modeling: approaches to individual prediction of response to ACE inhibitor therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7011-0932</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Комарова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Komarova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Комарова Ольга Владимировна — ассистент кафедры фармакологии </p><p>Астрахань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Komarova — Assistant of the Department of Pharmacology</p><p>Astrakhan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olha437@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3278-2556</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кантемирова</surname><given-names>Б. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kantemirova</surname><given-names>B. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кантемирова Бэла Исмаиловна — д. м. н., профессор, зав. кафедрой фармакологии </p><p>Астрахань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bela I. Kantemirova — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Pharmacology</p><p>Astrakhan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">belakantemirova@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6564-3408</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanova</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Романова Александра Николаевна — ассистент кафедры фармакологии </p><p>Астрахань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksandra N. Romanova — assistant of the Department of Pharmacology</p><p>Astrakhan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">styles005@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3544-2266</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петрова Ольга Владимировна — д. м. н., доцент, заведующий клинико-диагностической лаборатории</p><p>Астрахань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Petrova — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of Laboratory</p><p>Astrakhan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">students_asma@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Астраханский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Astrakhan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный центр сердечно-сосудистой хирургии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Комарова О.В., Кантемирова Б.И., Романова А.Н., Петрова О.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Комарова О.В., Кантемирова Б.И., Романова А.Н., Петрова О.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Komarova O.V., Kantemirova B.I., Romanova A.N., Petrova O.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmacogenetics-pharmacogenomics.ru/jour/article/view/362">https://www.pharmacogenetics-pharmacogenomics.ru/jour/article/view/362</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Терапевтический ответ на ингибиторы АПФ (иАПФ) при артериальной гипертензии вариабелен и зависит от совокупности клинических, поведенческих и фармакогенетических факторов. Математическое моделирование позволяет оценить их вклад в достижение целевых значений АД.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Определить факторы, ассоциированные с достижением и недостижением целевых значений АД у пациентов с артериальной гипертензией, получающих иАПФ в монотерапии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено одноцентровое наблюдательное фармакогенетическое исследование в период с февраля-май 2025 г. Группы сравнения были сформированы по достижению целевых значений АД: &lt;140/90 мм рт. ст. и ≥140/90 мм рт. ст. Фармакогенетический профиль пациентов оценивали по наличию/отсутствию полиморфизмов генов ACE I/D (rs1799752) и CES1 (c. 1168-33C&gt;A). В качестве исходов терапии рассматривали достижение целевых значений АД, ΔСАД, ΔДАД. В качестве изучаемых конфаундеров регрессионной модели были отобраны следующие параметры: количество полиморфных аллелей D в гене ACE; количество полиморфных аллелей С в гене CES1; возраст, количество употребляемой соли в день; количество выкуренных сигарет в день.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В исследование были включены 90 пациентов из которых: 39 достигли целевых значений АД (43,3 %), а 59 — не достигли (56,7 %). Увеличение числа D-аллелей АСЕ было ассоциировано с повышением САД после терапии на 23,5 мм. рт. ст. (95 %ДИ: 20,68–26,41, p &lt;0,001), ДАД — на 4,67 мм. рт. ст. (95 %ДИ: 3,59–5,94, p &lt;0,001). Увеличение потребления соли на 1 г/сутки сопровождалось повышением САД на 0,54 мм. рт. ст. (p=0,024), ДАД — на 0,20 мм. рт. ст. (p=0,041). Математические модели объясняли 75,7 % вариабельности САД и 43,9 % ДАД. AUC логистической модели составила 0,97.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Количество полиморфных аллелей D ассоциировано с терапевтическим ответом и может рассматриваться в качестве предварительного маркера эффективности иАПФ (p &lt;0,001).</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. The therapeutic response to ACE inhibitors in hypertension is variable and depends on a combination of clinical, behavioral, and pharmacogenetic factors. Mathematical modeling allows us to assess their contribution to achieving the target values of blood pressure.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To determine the factors associated with the achievement and non-achievement of target blood pressure values in patients with arterial hypertension receiving ACE inhibitors in monotherapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A single-center observational pharmacogenetic study was conducted in the period from February to May 2025. Comparison groups were formed to achieve the target blood pressure values: &lt;140/90 mmHg and ≥140/90 mmHg. The pharmacogenetic profile of patients was assessed by the presence/absence of polymorphisms of the ACE I/D (rs1799752) and CES1 (c.1168-33C&gt;A). The outcomes of therapy were considered to be the achievement of target values of BP, ΔSAD, and ΔDAD. The following parameters were selected as the studied confounders of the regression model: the number of polymorphic D alleles in the gene ACE; the number of polymorphic C alleles in the gene CES1, age, the amount of salt consumed per day, the number of cigarettes smoked per day.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The study included 90 patients of whom: 39 reached the target blood pressure values (43.3%), and 59 did not (56.7%). An increase in the number of ACE D-alleles was associated with an increase in SBP after therapy by 23.5 mmHg (95% CI: 20.68-26.41, p &lt;0.001), DBP by 4.67 mmHg (95% CI: 3.59-5.94, p &lt;0.001). An increase in salt intake by 1 g/day was accompanied by an increase in SBP by 0.54 mmHg (p=0.024), DBP – by 0.20 mmHg (p=0.041). Mathematical models explained 75.7% of SAD variability and 43.9% of DBP. The AUC of the logistic model was 0.97.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The number of polymorphic D alleles is associated with a therapeutic response and can be considered as a preliminary marker of ACE inhibitor efficacy (p&lt;0.001).</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>артериальная гипертензия</kwd><kwd>фармакогенетика</kwd><kwd>математическое моделирование</kwd><kwd>АСЕ</kwd><kwd>CES1</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>arterial hypertension</kwd><kwd>pharmacogenetics</kwd><kwd>mathematical modeling</kwd><kwd>ACE</kwd><kwd>CES1</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Unger T, Borghi C, Charchar F, et al. 2020 International Society of Hypertension Global Hypertension Practice Guidelines. Hypertension. 2020 Jun;75(6):1334-1357. 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