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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">phgenomics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фармакогенетика и фармакогеномика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2588-0527</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8849</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LLC "Izdatelstvo OKI"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/2588-0527-2025-3-34-44</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">WWFTEW</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">phgenomics-339</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭТНИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ФАРМАКОГЕНЕТИКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ETHNIC ASPECTS OF PHARMACOGENETICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Распространённость полиморфизмов гена CYP3A4*22 (rs35599367) C&gt;T, CYP3A5*3 (rs776746) A&gt;G среди  якутов и русских, больных лекарственно-устойчивым туберкулёзом лёгких</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prevalence of CYP3A4*22 (rs35599367) C&gt;T and CYP3A5*3 (rs776746) A&gt;G gene polymorphisms among Yakuts and Russians with drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4811-7801</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Краснова</surname><given-names>Н. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasnova</surname><given-names>N. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Краснова Наталия Михайловна — к. м. н., доцент, Медицинский институт,</p><p>Якутск.</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia M. Krasnova — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor,</p><p>Yakutsk.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">krasnova14@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4490-8910</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаев</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaev</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николаев Вячеслав Михайлович — к. б. н., с. н. с.,</p><p>Якутск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vyacheslav M. Nikolaev — Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher,</p><p>Yakutsk.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Nikolaev1126@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5378-2128</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асекритова</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Asekritova</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Асекритова Александра Степановна — к. м. н., доцент, Медицинский институт; зав. ГАУ РС(Я) «Республиканская клиническая больница №3»,</p><p>Якутск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexandra S. Asekritova — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor; Head of the Hospital,</p><p>Yakutsk.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">my@asekritova-8.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0187-280X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Евдокимова</surname><given-names>Н. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Evdokimova</surname><given-names>N. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евдокимова Надежда Евстафьевна — врач-фтизиатр, зав. центром,</p><p>Якутск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda E. Evdokimova — Phthisiologist, Head of Department,</p><p>Yakutsk.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">neevdokimova2008@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5499-9524</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Татаринова</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tatarinova</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татаринова Ольга Викторовна — д. м. н., главный врач; с. н. с., </p><p>Якутск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Tatarinova — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Chief Physician of the Hospital; Senior Researcher,</p><p>Yakutsk.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tov3568@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7489-9221</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Прокопьев</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Prokopyev</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Прокопьев Егор Спиридонович — директор,</p><p>Якутск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Egor S. Prokopyev — Director,</p><p>Yakutsk.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">prokopevegor76@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5094-3742</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Венгеровский</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vengerovsky</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Венгеровский Александр Исаакович — д. м. н., профессор, заслуженный работник высшей школы РФ, профессор кафедры фармакология,</p><p>Томск.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander I. Vengerovsky — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Honored Worker of Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Professor of the Department of Pharmacology,</p><p>Tomsk.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pharm-sibgmu@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3278-5941</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Денисенко</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Denisenko</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Денисенко Наталья Павловна — к. м. н., доцент, кафедра клинической фармакологии и терапии им. академика Б.Е. Вотчала,</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia P. Denisenko — Cand. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy named after Academician B.E. Votchal,</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">denisenkonp@rmapo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4496-3680</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сычев</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sychev</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сычев Дмитрий Алексеевич — д. м. н., профессор, академик РАН, зав. кафедрой клинической фармакологии и терапии имени академика Б. Е. Вотчала,</p><p>Москва. </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry A. Sychev — Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy named after Academician B.E. Votchal, Acting Rector of Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education,</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Северо-Восточный федеральный университет имени М.К. Аммосова»; ГБУ РС(Я) «Научно-практический центр «Фтизиатрия» им. Е.Н. Андреева»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Medical Institute; E.N. Andreev Scientific and Practical Center "Phthisiatry"<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ «Якутский научный центр комплексных медицинских проблем»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Yakut Scientific Center of Complex Medical Problems<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГАОУ ВО «Северо-Восточный федеральный университет имени М.К. Аммосова»; ГАУ РС(Я) «Республиканская клиническая больница № 3»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Medical Institute; Republican Clinical Hospital No. 3<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГБУ РС(Я) «Научно-практический центр «Фтизиатрия» им. Е.Н. Андреева»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">E.N. Andreev Scientific and Practical Center "Phthisiatry"<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru">ГАУ РС(Я) «Республиканская клиническая больница № 3»; ФГБНУ «Якутский научный центр комплексных медицинских проблем»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Republican Clinical Hospital No. 3; Yakut Scientific Center of Complex Medical Problems<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ВО «Сибирский государственный медицинский университет»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Siberian State Medical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>44</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Краснова Н.М., Николаев В.М., Асекритова А.С., Евдокимова Н.Е., Татаринова О.В., Прокопьев Е.С., Венгеровский А.И., Денисенко Н.П., Сычев Д.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Краснова Н.М., Николаев В.М., Асекритова А.С., Евдокимова Н.Е., Татаринова О.В., Прокопьев Е.С., Венгеровский А.И., Денисенко Н.П., Сычев Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krasnova N.M., Nikolaev V.M., Asekritova A.S., Evdokimova N.E., Tatarinova O.V., Prokopyev E.S., Vengerovsky A.I., Denisenko N.P., Sychev D.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmacogenetics-pharmacogenomics.ru/jour/article/view/339">https://www.pharmacogenetics-pharmacogenomics.ru/jour/article/view/339</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Обоснование</title><p>Обоснование. Лечение лекарственно-устойчивого туберкулёза сопряжено с множеством медико-социальных проблем, поэтому продолжается поиск мер по улучшению результатов лечения с помощью разработки новых лекарств и схем химиотерапии. Бедаквилин метаболизируется изоферментом цитохрома P450 CYP3A4. Полиморфизмы CYP3A4 и CYP3A5 могут приводить к вариабельности концентраций бедаквилина в плазме, и влиять на эффективность и безопасность лечения. В настоящее время отсутствуют данные о распространённости полиморфных вариантов гена CYP3A4*22 и CYP3A5*3 среди якутов и русских, больных туберкулёзом.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Изучить частоту носительства полиморфизмов генов CYP3A4*22 (rs35599367) C&gt;T, CYP3A5*3 (rs776746) A&gt;G среди якутов и русских, больных лекарственно-устойчивым туберкулёзом в сравнении с нормальной изменчивостью аллельных вариантов изучаемых генов в восточноазиатских и европейских популяциях.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Определяли полиморфизмы CYP3A4*22 (rs35599367) C&gt;T, CYP3A5*3 (rs776746) A&gt;G методом полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Частота аллеля T гена CYP3A4*22 достоверно ниже в сибирской группе по сравнению с частотой в евразийской группе (p = 0,003). Генотип дикого типа (CC) CYP3A4*22 встречался значимо чаще в сибирской группе больных, чем в евразийской группе, гетерозиготный генотип (CT) меньше представлен в сибирской популяции (p = 0,003). Генотип AA CYP3A5*3 реже встречался в сибирской группе пациентов относительно его частоты в евразийской группе (p = 0,021), гетерозиготный генотип AG намного реже выявлялся в сибирской популяции больных (p &lt; 0,001), генотип GG преобладал в сибирской группе и реже определялся в евразийской популяции (p &lt; 0,001). Выявлены различия распределение аллелей и генотипов CYP3A5*3 между якутами и восточными азиатами (p &lt; 0,05).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Различия аллельных вариантов и генотипов CYP3A4 и CYP3A5 в популяциях русских и якутов, больных лекарственно-устойчивым туберкулёзом лёгких, может существенно модифицировать клиническую эффективность и развитие нежелательных реакций при лечении бедаквилином, так в его окислении основное значение имеет изофермент CYP3A цитохрома Р450.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis is associated with numerous medical and societal problems; therefore, the search continues for measures to improve treatment outcomes through the development of new drugs and chemotherapy regimens. Bedaquiline metabolized by the cytochrome P450 isoenzyme CYP3A4. CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 polymorphisms can lead to variability in bedaquiline plasma concentrations, which in turn affects treatment efficacy and safety. Currently, there are no data on the prevalence of CYP3A4*22 and CYP3A5*3 gene polymorphic variants among Yakuts and Russians with tuberculosis.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To study the carrier frequency of CYP3A4*22 (rs35599367) C&gt;T and CYP3A5*3 (rs776746) A&gt;G gene polymorphisms among Yakuts and Russians with drug-resistant tuberculosis compared to the normal variability of the studied gene allelic variants in East Asian and European populations.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. A cross-sectional comprehensive study was conducted on 255 patients of Yakut and Russian ethnicity with drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. CYP3A4*22 (rs35599367) C&gt;T and CYP3A5*3 (rs776746) A&gt;G polymorphisms were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. For comparative analysis, data on the carrier frequency of CYP3A4*22 and CYP3A5*3 allelic variants in East Asian and European populations were used.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In patients with drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis, the frequency of the T allele of the CYP3A4*22 gene was significantly lower in the Siberian group compared to the frequency in the Eurasian group (p = 0.003). The wild-type genotype (CC) CYP3A4*22 was significantly more common in the Siberian group of patients than in the Eurasian group, whereas the heterozygous genotype (CT) was less represented in the Siberian population (p = 0.003). The AA genotype of CYP3A5*3 was less common in the Siberian group relative to its frequency in the Eurasian group (p = 0.021), the heterozygous AG genotype was much less frequently detected in the Siberian population of patients (p &lt; 0.001), and the GG genotype predominated in the Siberian group and was less frequently determined in the Eurasian population (p &lt; 0.001). The frequencies of alleles and genotypes of the CYP3A5*3 gene in patients with drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis did not differ between the Yakut and Russian populations. The distribution of CYP3A5*3 alleles and genotypes in the Russian population was the same as in the general European profile (p &gt; 0.05). Differences were found between Yakuts and East Asians for all analyzed parameters (p &lt; 0.05).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Features of the distribution of CYP3A4*22 and CYP3A5*3 gene allelic variants affect the rate of drug metabolism among patients of Yakut and Russian ethnicity. Differences in allelic variants and genotypes of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 in Russian and Yakut populations with drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis can significantly modify clinical efficacy and the development of adverse reactions during bedaquiline treatment, as the CYP3A isoenzyme of cytochrome P450 plays a primary role in its oxidation.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>туберкулёз</kwd><kwd>бедаквилин</kwd><kwd>фармакогенетика</kwd><kwd>полиморфизм</kwd><kwd>CYP3A4*22</kwd><kwd>CYP3A5*3</kwd><kwd>якуты</kwd><kwd>русские</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tuberculosis</kwd><kwd>bedaquiline</kwd><kwd>pharmacogenetics</kwd><kwd>polymorphism</kwd><kwd>CYP3A4*22</kwd><kwd>CYP3A5*3</kwd><kwd>Yakuts</kwd><kwd>Russians</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Salari N, Kanjoori AH, Hosseinian-Far A, et al. 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