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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">phgenomics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Фармакогенетика и фармакогеномика</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2588-0527</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2686-8849</issn><publisher><publisher-name>LLC "Izdatelstvo OKI"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/2588-0527-2025-2-5-13</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">HTYGVC</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">phgenomics-328</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CURRENT REVIEW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние генетического полиморфизма CYP2C19 на эффективность эрадикации инфекции Helicobacter pylori — ключевого фактора канцерогенеза желудка</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The effect of the genetic polymorphism of CYP2C19 on the effectiveness of eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection, a key factor in gastric carcinogenesis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9996-4621</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боярко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boyarko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Боярко Алексей Владимирович — к. м. н., врач-гастроэнтеролог ФГБУ ФНКЦ ФМБА России.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey V. Boyarko — PhD, Сand. Sci. (Med.), gastroenterologist of the FSBF FRCC of the FMBA.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9177-6642</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синицина</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinitsina</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Синицина Ирина Ивановна — д. м. н., доцент, профессор кафедры клинической фармакологии и терапии имени академика Б.Е. Вотчала ФГБОУ ДПО РМАНПО Минздрава России.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina I. Sinitsina — PhD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy named after Academician B. E. Votchal, Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sinitsina-irina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи и медицинских технологий Федерального медико-биологического агентства»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Types of Medical Care and Medical Technologies of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>13</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Боярко А.В., Синицина И.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Боярко А.В., Синицина И.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Boyarko A.V., Sinitsina I.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.pharmacogenetics-pharmacogenomics.ru/jour/article/view/328">https://www.pharmacogenetics-pharmacogenomics.ru/jour/article/view/328</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Актуальность</title><p>Актуальность. Инфекция Helicobacter pylori является ключевым фактором риска развития рака желудка, а её эрадикация рассматривается как мера первичной профилактики. Ингибиторы протонной помпы (ИПП) — основа эрадикационной терапии, однако их эффективность в значительной степени зависит от генетического полиморфизма фермента CYP2C19, ответственного за их метаболизм.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Обобщить и представить данные современных исследований о влиянии генетического полиморфизма CYP2C19 на эффективность эрадикационной терапии H. pylori.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведён обзор литературы в отечественных и зарубежных базах данных (РИНЦ, PubMed, ResearchGate) по следующим ключевым словам: «полиморфизм CYP2C19», «метаболизм ингибиторов протонной помпы», «эрадикация Helicobacter pylori». Проанализированы 41 публикаций, наиболее соответствующих теме исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Метаболизм ИПП первого поколения (омепразол, лансопразол, пантопразол) в значительной степени зависит от активности CYP2C19.</p><p>В зависимости от генотипа CYP2C19 пациенты классифицируются на фенотипы метаболизма: ультрабыстрый (UM), быстрый (RM), нормальный (NM), промежуточный (IM) и медленный (PM). Данные, преимущественно полученные в азиатских популяциях, свидетельствуют, что фенотипы NM и RM/ UM ассоциированы с более низкими показателями эрадикации из-за ускоренного метаболизма ИПП и снижения их экспозиции, в то время как фенотипы IM и PM демонстрируют более высокую эффективность. В российской популяции отмечается высокая частота аллеля быстрого метаболизма CYP2C19*17, что предполагает потенциально недостаточный ответ на стандартные дозы ИПП. Рабепразол и эзомепразол в меньшей степени зависят от CYP2C19, что обеспечивает более стабильную эффективность у пациентов с разными генотипами. Клинические рекомендации (CPIC, DPWG) предлагают использовать генотипирование CYP2C19 для персонализации доз ИПП.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Генетический полиморфизм CYP2C19 является важным фактором, определяющим фармакокинетику ИПП и эффективность эрадикации H. pylori. Фармакогенетическое тестирование CYP2C19 может служить полезным инструментом для персонализации антихеликобактерной терапии, особенно в популяциях с высокой распространённостью аллелей быстрого метаболизма, позволяя выбирать оптимальный ИПП и его дозу для преодоления рефрактерности и повышения эффективности лечения.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Helicobacter pylori infection is a major risk factor for gastric cancer, and its eradication is considered a primary preventive measure. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are a cornerstone of eradication therapy, but their efficacy is significantly influenced by genetic polymorphisms in the CYP2C19 enzyme, which is responsible for their metabolism.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To summarize and present current research on the impact of CYP2C19 genetic polymorphism on the effectiveness of H. pylori eradication therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A literature review was conducted using Russian and international databases (RSCI, PubMed, ResearchGate) with keywords including "CYP2C19 polymorphism," "proton pump inhibitor metabolism," and "Helicobacter pylori eradication." A total of 41 publications most relevant to the topic were analyzed.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The metabolism of first-generation PPIs (omeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole) is highly dependent on CYP2C19 activity. Patients are classified into different metabolic phenotypes (ultrarapid – UM, rapid – RM, normal – NM, intermediate – IM, poor – PM) based on their CYP2C19 genotype. Evidence, primarily from Asian populations, indicates that NM and RM/UM phenotypes are associated with lower eradication rates due to accelerated PPI metabolism and reduced drug exposure, whereas IM and PM phenotypes show higher efficacy. The Russian population has a high frequency of the rapid metabolizer allele CYP2C19*17, suggesting potential suboptimal response to standard PPI doses. Rabeprazole and esomeprazole demonstrate less dependence on CYP2C19, leading to more consistent efficacy across different genotypes. Clinical guidelines (e.g., CPIC, DPWG) recommend genotype-guided PPI dosing to optimize therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. CYP2C19 genetic polymorphism is a critical determinant of PPI pharmacokinetics and the effectiveness of H. pylori eradication. Pharmacogenetic testing for CYP2C19 can be a valuable tool for personalizing anti-Helicobacter therapy, particularly in populations with a high prevalence of rapid metabolizer alleles, by enabling the selection of the most appropriate PPI and its dose to overcome refractoriness and improve treatment outcomes.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эрадикация Helicobacter pylori</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы протонной помпы</kwd><kwd>H+/K+-АТФаза</kwd><kwd>изофермент CYP2C19</kwd><kwd>фармакогенетика</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Helicobacter pylori eradication</kwd><kwd>proton pump inhibitors</kwd><kwd>H+/K+-ATPase</kwd><kwd>isoenzyme CYP2C19</kwd><kwd>pharmacogenetics</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Андреев Д.Н., Хурматуллина А.Р., Бордин Д.С., Маев И.В. 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