phgenomicsФармакогенетика и фармакогеномикаPharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics2588-05272686-8849LLC "Izdatelstvo OKI"10.37489/2588-0527-2022-1-37-52phgenomics-244Research ArticleБЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ЛЕКАРСТВDRUG SAFETYРоль ДНК-профилирования в прогнозировании антиконвульсант-индуцированного удлинения интервала QTThe role of DNA-profiling in predicting anticonvulsant-induced QT prolongation diseases based on pharmacogenetic aspectshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3719-1552ЖуравлёвН. М.ZhuravlevN. M.

психиатр, м. н. с. Института персонализированной психиатрии и неврологии

Санкт-Петербург

psychiatrics, Junior Researcher of the Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology

St.-Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2840-837XШнайдерН. А.ShnayderN. A.

невролог, д. м. н., профессор, в. н. с., заместитель руководителя Института персонализированной психиатрии и неврологии

Санкт-Петербург

в. н. с. Центра коллективного пользования «Молекулярные и клеточные технологии»

Красноярск

neurologist, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Leading Researcher,Deputy Head of the Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology

St.-Petersburg

 

Leading Researcher of the Center for Collective use «Molecular and Cellular Technologies»

Krasnoyarsk 

naschnaider@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1874-9434НасыроваР. Ф.NasyrovaR. F.

психиатр, д. м. н., гл. н. с., руководитель Института персонализированной психиатрии и неврологии

Санкт-Петербург

Psychiatrics, Dr. Sci. (Med.), General Researcher, Head ofthe Institute of Personalized Psychiatry and Neurology

St.-Petersburg

Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В. М. Бехтерева» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияFederal State Budgetary Institution V. M. Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology of the Russian Federation Ministry of HealthRussian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии им. В. М. Бехтерева» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Красноярский государственный медицинский университет имени профессора В. Ф. Войно-Ясенецкого» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияFederal State Budgetary Institution V. M. Bekhterev National Research Medical Center for Psychiatry and Neurology of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health; Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “Prof. V. F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk State Medical University” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian FederationRussian Federation202227022023013752Copyright © Журавлёв Н.М., Шнайдер Н.А., Насырова Р.Ф., 20232023Журавлёв Н.М., Шнайдер Н.А., Насырова Р.Ф.Zhuravlev N.M., Shnayder N.A., Nasyrova R.F.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.pharmacogenetics-pharmacogenomics.ru/jour/article/view/244

Антиконвульсанты, или противоэпилептические препараты (ПЭП), широко применяются при различных неврологических и психиатрических заболеваниях и зачастую назначаются на длительный период. В связи с этим остро стоит вопрос их профиля безопасности, в том числе оценки риска развития угрожающих жизни состояний и нежелательных реакций (НР). С точки зрения персонализированной медицины важной является разработка междисциплинарного подхода к разработке новой стратегии персонализированного метода прог- нозирования ПЭП-индуцированного удлинения интервала QT как одной из наиболее прогностически неблагоприятной кардиологической НР (в т. ч. синдром внезапной смерти — СВС). Мы провели поиск в базах данных полнотекстовых публикаций за период с 2012 по 2022 год, по ключевым словам и их комбинациям. Нами обнаружены и систематизированы моногенные и мультифакторные формы синдрома удли- нённого интервала QT (LQTS) и гены-кандидаты, замедляющие метаболизм ПЭП в печени. Выявление аллелей риска однонуклеотидных вариантов (ОНВ) генов-кандидатов, предрасполагающих к развитию ПЭП-индуцированных LQTS и СВС, позволит скорректировать выбор и дозировку этих препаратов и предотвратить развитие НР, что улучшит качество жизни и поможет снизить риск СВС у больных с психи- ческими и неврологическими расстройствами.

Anticonvulsants or antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are widely used for various neurological and psychiatric diseases and are often prescribed for a long period. In this regard, the issue of their safety profile is acute, including risk assessment for the development of life-threatening conditions and adverse drug reactions (ADRs). From the point of view of personalized medicine, it is important to develop an interdisciplinary approach to the development of a new strategy for a personalized approach to predicting AED-induced prolongation of the QT interval as one of the most unfavorable prognostic cardiac ADRs (including sudden death syndrome — SDS). We searched the databases of full-text publications for the period from 2012 to 2022 for keywords and their combinations. We have discovered and systematized monogenic and multifactorial forms of long QT syndrome (LQTS) and candidate genes that slow down AEDs metabolism in the liver. Identification of risk alleles of single nucleotide variants (SNV) of candidate genes predisposing to the development of AED-induced LQTS and SDS will allow adjusting the choice and dosage of these drugs and preventing the development of the ADR, which will improve the quality of life and help prevent SDS in patients with mental and neurological disorders

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.